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A complicated joint of the lower limb, the knee is the pivotal hinge between the large upper bone (Femur) and lower bone (Tibia). Functionally it is vital in any role of the lower limbs and integral in the process of weight transference that enables our bipedal movement. However it is this responsibility of weight bearing that directly places it at great risk of degeneration and injury.
 The patella (kneecap) is located at the front of this joint and is an unusual bone in that is it encased in muscle tissue. As the movement of extension is performed at the knee joint, the patella enables the muscle tendon greater leverage thereby allowing a strong powerful movement.
 Other structures of the knee that are crucial to movement and stability include:
Ligaments
Mensici
Cartilage
Muscle tissue
Bursae
 Due to the continuing supportive role of weight bearing and transference through movement the knee is susceptible to degeneration and injury such as:
Osteoarthritis
Ligament rupture/sprain
Meniscal tear
Bursitis
Muscle strain
Dislocation
Osgood Schlatters disease |